1、填料塔

塔体由若干节圆筒连接而成，塔体根据被处理的物料性质可由碳钢或耐防腐蚀材料制成，在塔体内充填一定高度的填料，在填料下方装有填料支撑板，在填料上方为填料压网，当填料层高度过高时可分为几段填充，两段之间装有液体再分布装置。填料塔一般按气液逆流操作，混合气体由塔底入口进入塔体，自下而上穿过填料层，后从塔顶气体出口排出。吸收剂由塔顶通过液体分布器，均匀地喷淋到填料层中沿着填料层表面向下流动，直至塔底由管口排出塔外。由于上升气流和下降洗手液在填料层中不断接触，所以上升气流中溶质的浓度越来越低，到塔顶时达到吸收要求排出塔外。相反下降液体中的溶质浓度越来越高，到塔顶时达到工艺条件要求排出塔外。塔内气液相浓度沿塔高连续变化，所以称为分接触式设备。

2、板式塔

板式塔通常是一个呈圆柱形的壳体，其中按一定间距水平设置若干塔板，如图14-2所示，液体在重力作用下自上而下横向通过各层塔板后由塔底排出，气体在压差推动下，经塔板上的开孔由下而上穿过各层塔板后由塔顶排出。每块踏板上皆储有一定的液体，气体穿过板上液层时，两相进行接触传质。即在总体上两相是逆流流动，而在每一块塔板上两相呈均匀错流接触，塔内气液相浓度沿塔高呈阶梯式变化，所以称逐级接触式设备。

1, packed tower

Tower body by several section can be connected with the cylinder, the tower body according to the properties of material being processed can be made of carbon steel and corrosion resistant materials, packing, filling a certain height in tower body is equipped with packing support plate at the bottom of the packing, packing pressure above the packing net, can be divided into several segments when packing layer through high filling, between two segments is equipped with liquid distribution device. The packed tower generally operates according to gas-liquid countercurrent, and the mixed gas enters the tower body from the bottom entrance, passes through the packing layer from bottom to top, and finally is discharged from the top gas outlet. Absorbent from the top of the tower through the liquid distributor, evenly sprayed into the packing layer along the surface of the packing layer flow down, until the bottom of the tower from the tube outlet out of the tower. Due to the continuous contact between the updraft and the descending hand sanitizer in the packing layer, the solute concentration in the updraft is getting lower and lower, and it reaches the absorption requirement and is discharged from the tower when it reaches the top. On the contrary, the solute concentration in the descending liquid is higher and higher, and it is discharged out of the tower when it reaches the top of the tower. The concentration of gas and liquid phase in the tower changes continuously along the tower height, so it is called separate-contact equipment.

2, plate tower

Plate tower is usually a cylindrical shell, in which several trays are arranged horizontally at a certain distance. As shown in Figure 14-2, liquid passes horizontally through each tray from top to bottom under the action of gravity and is discharged from the bottom of the tower, while gas, driven by pressure difference, passes through the holes in the tray from bottom to top and is discharged from the top of the tower. A certain amount of liquid is stored on each pedal. When gas passes through the liquid layer on the plate, the two phases contact mass transfer. That is, on the whole, the two phases are countercurrent flow, and the two phases are in uniform cross-flow contact on each plate, and the concentration of gas and liquid phase in the tower changes in a stepped manner along the height of the tower, so it is called step by step contact equipment.